Seis cosas que pueden salir mal al presentar tu investigación

6 cosas que pueden salir mal al presentar tu investigación

Dicen que la mejor improvisación es la que se practica. Por eso, estar atento a las cosas que pueden salir mal y pensar como solucionarlas antes de que pasen es una clave para tener un buen desempeño en cualquier cosa que te propongas. Aquí, queremos ayudarte a identificar esas cosas que suelen salir mal al presentar una investigación o defender una tesis de grado. Esperamos sean de ayuda.

1. El lugar de la presentación

Te despiertas como cualquier mañana. Parece que ha aclarado antes. Estiras el brazo para agarrar el celular. No tiene batería. Te levantas asumiendo lo peor y corres al microondas al ver el reloj. Son las 8.00 y apenas tienes 20 minutos antes de aquella presentación sobre la cual llevas semanas trabajando. Tienes que correr.

Llegas al lugar acordado a penas 5 minutos tarde. Un milagro, al parecer. Pero ¿qué sucede? Esta vacio y no hay nadie. Luego de 20 minutos de dar vueltas, empiezas a creer que abandonaron el lugar tras tu ausencia. Poco tiempo después, llega alguien gritando tu nombre. Han cambiado el lugar de la presentación. Ya son 35 minutos que llevan esperando.

Este escenario puede parecer un foco ficticio (o tal vez no), pero la realidad es que puede suceder. Para evitar generar estrés a ti mismo y molestias a la audiencia que verá tu presentación, trata de:

Confirmar el lugar de la presentación un día antes con alguno de los involucrados. Puede ser un jefe, profesor, jurados o clientes.
Buscar el lugar en Google Maps: esto es muy importante si no estás muy seguro de como llegar. Trazar una ruta mental o en imagen de como llegar al lugar acordado es ideal para evitar encontrar retrasos, como tráfico.
Tener a la mano los teléfonos de las personas que asistirán (en el caso de que los conozcas). Esto puede ser de utilidad si no consigues el lugar, te pierdes o incluso si vas tarde.
Comunicar el retraso. Si bien los retrasos pueden molestar a la audiencia, avisar que encontraste algún inconveniente inusual para llegar a tiempo siempre es bien agradecido.

2. Incompatibilidad con los archivos

Entras al salón de reunión y encuentras a una persona instalando la computadora y el proyector. Todo parece bien. Te disculpas con la audiencia por tu retraso. Ves la luz del proyector encenderse y poco a poco aparece el escritorio del computador reflejado en la pantalla. Cuando el técnico termina, te llama. Conectas el pendrive, buscas la carpeta con tu presentación, haces doble click y... oh oh, algo está mal.

En algunos momentos podrás experimentar algo parecido. La realidad es que hay muchas versiones de PowerPoint, de sistemas operativos, de computadores, etc. Y a veces, la compatibilidad entre ellos no es la más adecuada. Para evitar tener problemas con algún error con los archivos, puedes intentar lo siguiente al momento de guardar tu presentación:

Guardar una copia en una versión anterior del programa. Esto garantiza que tu presentación se vea de la mejor forma posible en equipos más antiguos.
Guardar una copia como presentación. Esto hace que el archivo se proyecte de una vez. A veces puede ser una buena idea para evitar problemas de compatibilidad.
Guardar una copia en pdf. El pdf es un archivo estático que se puede leer en la mayoría de las maquinas. Si falla el PowerPoint, un PDF te garantiza que tu presentación se vea tal como la creaste.

3. Los apuntes o fichas resumen

Ha llegado la hora. La presentación está montada y todos esperan. Pero falta algo. De pronto, recuerdas ese pequeño (o no tan pequeño) pedazo de papel que contiene los apuntes de tu investigación, de tu vida. Los buscas rápidamente en los bolsillos, en el bolso, en el escritorio, bajo la laptop, bajo la mesa, y nada. Tratas de recordar todos los pasos que diste desde que llegaste al lugar. Y nada. Toca empezar. Que pase lo que tenga que pasar.
Seguro esta historia sonará algo familiar. Si no te ha pasado a ti, seguro a alguien más si. Para algunas personas las fichas guía pueden ser primordiales en su presentación, pero realmente no son tan necesarias como crees.
Si eres de las personas que necesita algún soporte para presentar tus ideas a un público, puedes intentar lo siguiente:

Escribir las fichas a mano. Esta tarea ayuda a fijar los conocimientos en la memoria. Al hacer esto le das claves al cerebro para que encuentre la información más fácilmente. Con este ejercicio te asegurarás de no estresarte al encontrar las fichas.
Usar las láminas de apoyo. Si bien las laminas de la presentación estan dirigidas a tu audiencia, puedes emplearlas para recordar el contenido al que van asociadas y el mensaje que querias decir en tu discurso. Por esto es importante que seas quien elaboró la presentación, o que por lo menos estés familiarizado con ella.
Ensayar días antes de la presentación. Además de recordar el contenido, esto te permitirá tener un estimado del tiempo que requieres y hacer los ajustes necesarios.

4. Problemas de salud

Estás frente a la audiencia, hablando y de pronto un malestar llega a ti. Mareos, nauseas, dolor de estómago, decaimiento, etc. Puede ser cualquier cosa. Empiezas a olvidar tu discurso. No entiendes las láminas y comienzas a confundir lo que estás diciendo. Te preocupas y no sabes bien que hacer. La audiencia lo nota y empieza a cuestionar la autoría del trabajo. Será continuar, ¿no?

Algunas personas pueden ser más o menos suceptible a este punto. La realidad es que es importante que te conozcas y conozcas las señales que tu cuerpo transmite, especialmente si sufres de algún tipo de condición como ansiedad, diabetes, hipertensión, o cualquier otra situación que pueda detonar con el estrés. No te preocupes, eres humano y lo ideal es que sigas estos consejos:

Comunica tu malestar a la audiencia. Esto hace que estén concientes de tu condición y no la malinterpreten como una falta de preparación. Además, es una forma de protección, ya que lograrás que estén atentos a tu salud en caso de que la situación empeore. Recuerda que, por el hecho de que la presentación implique una evaluación, no dejas de ser una persona con necesidades, y tu audiencia lo entenderá.
Evita comer o tomar comidas extrañas al menos un dia antes. A veces la ansiedad puede hacer que comas más de la cuenta, o que compres alguna golosina que no sueles consumir. Trata de evitar este tipo de comida para no tener problemas luego. También es importante evitar cualquier tipo de medicamento como calmantes o relajantes, pues en lugar de ayudarte, terminarán por disminuir tu estado de alerta y enlentecer tus procesos de pensamiento.

5. Problemas con la voz

Llevas 5 minutos hablando. Todos parecen entender tu mensaje y se muestran muy interesados. Sientes la garganta seca. Y poco a poco te cuesta hablar. Escuchas como las palabras raspan tu garganta para poder salir y tu audiencia se da cuenta.

Esto puede pasarle a cualquiera. Para evitar quedarte sin voz puedes:

Tomar alguna infusión caliente con miel la noche anterior.
Tomar agua antes de comenzar la presentación.
Tener un vaso o envase con agua al momento de presentar.
Informarte con anterioridad acerca de la acústica del lugar, y solicitar un micrófono en caso de que el sitio sea muy amplio o muy ruidoso, así evitarás forzar la voz.

6. Jurado difícil

Haz terminado la presentación. Llegó la hora de las preguntas. Pero pareciera que has molestado a alguien. Los cuestionamientos son más fuertes de lo esperado y pareciera que no se entendió tu mensaje. ¿Y ahora qué?

En algún momento puedes toparte con un jurado que no esté de acuerdo con el tema que estás tratando en la presentación. Realmente, pueden haber muchísimas razones para que esto suceda. Pueden ser que tus evaluadores tienen opiniones encontradas con el tema, o que no comprendieron algún aspecto, dudan de las fuentes de la información, o representan enfoques o corrientes contrarias a tus planteamientos. Para manejar esta situación lo que puedes hacer es:

Conocer con anterioridad las debilidades de la investigación que estás presentando. Toda investigación tiene limitaciones, y si conoces tus puntos débiles, será más difícil encontrarte con sorpresas y sabrás argumentar mejor.
No contradecir abiertamente o intentar descalificar a tus evaluadores. Si lo que está planteando tu audiencia parece descabellado, no contradigas de buenas a primeras. Es importante que la otra persona también se sienta escuchada. Intenta dar a entender que comprendes la crítica y luego plantea tu explicación.
No temas decir que una información no forma parte del estudio. Si alguna información que ellos piden no forma parte de tu objeto de estudio, puedes decirlo. Incluso, puedes llegar a sugerir otras investigaciones o temas a tratar con lo que tu audiencia comente como posibles limitaciones, pero sobre todo, haz énfasis en los aportes de tu investigación.

Si tienes alguna otra experiencia, ¡Compártela con nosotros!

Category:

Presentando la investigacion

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